Urban vertical farming with a large wind power share and optimised electricity costs

Producing food in an environmentally sustainable way for the growing human population is a challenge to global system. Vertical farm (VF) as part of solution portfolio attracting interest since it uses less water, pesticides, and land which are scarce many parts globe. Despite these positive factors, energy demand vertical farms high, often remain separate excluded from cities where most lives. City-level system solutions exist empower efficiency increase share variable renewable sources, but their potential has not yet been estimated urban that includes large farms. Accordingly, this study, we simulate practices farming with large-scale energies flexibility measures. For first modelled farm's response control maximize electricity cost savings. To evaluate response, analysis carried out different crops (lettuce, wheat, soybean), price profiles. The result can be reduction 5% 30% consumption costs. Further, sensitivity analyses highlight effect variations photoperiod on outcomes. In second part, operation (Helsinki, Finland) was analysed through two scenarios. These scenarios represent emission-free Helsinki 2050 wind power implementation. As VFs use outside peak hours, inclusion VF right configuration improve within by up 19%. show connection exogenous market important support future systems. key points integration systems highlighted, including role markets, increasing local power, importance crop selection reducing VF's costs response. city-level high share, thus recommend side strong sectoral coupling design maximise consumption.